DK-20
An ultra-fine-grain metol-rodanide developer that reduces grain and light sensitivity to achieve maximum smoothness in the negative.
About the Developer
DK-20 is an ultra-fine-grain metol developer for photographic film, well-suited for processing light-sensitive photographic materials. Thanks to potassium thiocyanate (a silver solvent), it reduces grain size by approximately 25%, but reduces the film’s effective light sensitivity by about 30%.
Character
An ultra-fine-grain methol developer containing a silver solvent (potassium thiocyanate). It reduces the light sensitivity of photographic materials by approximately 30% and grain size by approximately 25%.
Best films
The source does not provide specific data on particular films; historically, it was intended for high-sensitivity roll film, where minimal grain is the most important factor, rather than maintaining full sensitivity.
How to Prepare and Use
- 1Pour 500–600 ml of distilled water at 45–50°C into a container marked at 1 liter.
- 2Dissolve the contents of the first (large) bag—sodium sulfite, borax, potassium bromide, and potassium thiocyanate—in it until all the lumps have completely dissolved.
- 3In a separate container, dissolve 50–70 ml of the solution from the first container in 200–250 ml of water at 45–50°C, then add and dissolve the contents of the second (small) packet—metol.
- 4Immediately combine the two solutions and let them cool.
- 5At a temperature of 20°C, add distilled water until the level reaches the 1-liter mark.
- 6Let the solution settle for 2–3 hours, then filter it through cotton wool.
- 7Develop with fresh solution for 15–25 minutes at 20°C (for some films, the time may range from 14 to 31 minutes).
Pros
- The finest grain size among methylol developers
- Potassium rhodanate, when used as a solvent for silver, further refines the grain
- It operates even at elevated temperatures (up to 32°C) with time compensation
Cons
- A noticeable loss of light sensitivity (~30%)
- Long development time (15–31 minutes)
- Limited shelf life—no more than 2 weeks
Recipe for 1 liter





The first mixture (sodium sulfite, borax, potassium bromide, potassium thiocyanate) is dissolved in hot water separately from the second (metol), and then the solutions are combined. The freshly prepared solution is stored in a container filled to the top with a minimal air gap.
Chemical structures: PubChem (public domain)